Merge branch 'master' into feature/data-device-selection

This commit is contained in:
Tony Crisci 2017-10-21 09:37:58 -04:00
commit a87b60e31e
16 changed files with 255 additions and 60 deletions

View file

@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ struct roots_config {
struct wl_list devices;
struct wl_list bindings;
char *config_path;
char *startup_cmd;
};
struct roots_config *parse_args(int argc, char *argv[]);

View file

@ -24,18 +24,12 @@ struct roots_keyboard {
struct roots_pointer {
struct roots_input *input;
struct wlr_input_device *device;
// We don't listen to any pointer events directly - they go through
// wlr_cursor
struct wl_list link;
};
struct roots_touch {
struct roots_input *input;
struct wlr_input_device *device;
struct wl_listener down;
struct wl_listener up;
struct wl_listener motion;
struct wl_listener cancel;
struct wl_list link;
};
@ -82,6 +76,13 @@ struct roots_drag_icon {
struct wl_listener surface_commit;
};
struct roots_touch_point {
struct roots_touch *device;
int32_t slot;
double x, y;
struct wl_list link;
};
struct roots_input {
struct roots_config *config;
struct roots_server *server;
@ -117,10 +118,17 @@ struct roots_input {
struct wl_listener cursor_motion_absolute;
struct wl_listener cursor_button;
struct wl_listener cursor_axis;
struct wl_listener cursor_touch_down;
struct wl_listener cursor_touch_up;
struct wl_listener cursor_touch_motion;
struct wl_listener cursor_tool_axis;
struct wl_listener cursor_tool_tip;
struct wl_listener pointer_grab_begin;
struct wl_list touch_points;
struct wl_listener pointer_grab_end;
struct wl_listener request_set_cursor;
@ -134,6 +142,8 @@ void pointer_add(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void pointer_remove(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void keyboard_add(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void keyboard_remove(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void touch_add(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void touch_remove(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void tablet_tool_add(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);
void tablet_tool_remove(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input);

View file

@ -73,12 +73,14 @@ struct roots_view {
void (*get_size)(struct roots_view *view, struct wlr_box *box);
void (*activate)(struct roots_view *view, bool active);
void (*resize)(struct roots_view *view, uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
void (*set_position)(struct roots_view *view, double x, double y);
void (*close)(struct roots_view *view);
};
void view_get_size(struct roots_view *view, struct wlr_box *box);
void view_activate(struct roots_view *view, bool active);
void view_resize(struct roots_view *view, uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
void view_set_position(struct roots_view *view, double x, double y);
void view_close(struct roots_view *view);
bool view_center(struct roots_view *view);
void view_initialize(struct roots_view *view);

View file

@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ struct wlr_output {
struct wl_listener surface_destroy;
} cursor;
// the output position in layout space reported to clients
int32_t lx, ly;
void *data;
};
@ -66,6 +69,7 @@ bool wlr_output_set_mode(struct wlr_output *output,
struct wlr_output_mode *mode);
void wlr_output_transform(struct wlr_output *output,
enum wl_output_transform transform);
void wlr_output_set_position(struct wlr_output *output, int32_t lx, int32_t ly);
bool wlr_output_set_cursor(struct wlr_output *output,
const uint8_t *buf, int32_t stride, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
int32_t hotspot_x, int32_t hotspot_y);

View file

@ -16,12 +16,13 @@
static void usage(const char *name, int ret) {
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: %s [-C <FILE>]\n"
"usage: %s [-C <FILE>] [-E <COMMAND>]\n"
"\n"
" -C <FILE> Path to the configuration file\n"
" (default: rootston.ini).\n"
" See `rootston.ini.example` for config\n"
" file documentation.\n", name);
" file documentation.\n"
" -E <COMMAND> Command that will be ran at startup.\n" , name);
exit(ret);
}
@ -263,17 +264,24 @@ static int config_ini_handler(void *user, const char *section, const char *name,
struct roots_config *parse_args(int argc, char *argv[]) {
struct roots_config *config = calloc(1, sizeof(struct roots_config));
if (config == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
config->xwayland = true;
wl_list_init(&config->outputs);
wl_list_init(&config->devices);
wl_list_init(&config->bindings);
int c;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "C:h")) != -1) {
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "C:E:h")) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'C':
config->config_path = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 'E':
config->startup_cmd = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 'h':
case '?':
usage(argv[0], c != 'h');
@ -296,7 +304,8 @@ struct roots_config *parse_args(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int result = ini_parse(config->config_path, config_ini_handler, config);
if (result == -1) {
wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "No config file found. Using empty config.");
wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "No config file found. Using sensible defaults.");
config->keyboard.meta_key = WLR_MODIFIER_LOGO;
add_binding_config(&config->bindings, "Logo+Shift+e", "exit");
add_binding_config(&config->bindings, "Ctrl+q", "close");
add_binding_config(&config->bindings, "Alt+Tab", "next_window");

View file

@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
#include "rootston/config.h"
#include "rootston/input.h"
#include "rootston/desktop.h"
#include "rootston/view.h"
const struct roots_input_event *get_input_event(struct roots_input *input,
uint32_t serial) {
@ -84,8 +85,8 @@ void cursor_update_position(struct roots_input *input, uint32_t time) {
double sx, sy;
switch (input->mode) {
case ROOTS_CURSOR_PASSTHROUGH:
view = view_at(desktop, input->cursor->x, input->cursor->y, &surface,
&sx, &sy);
view = view_at(desktop, input->cursor->x, input->cursor->y,
&surface, &sx, &sy);
bool set_compositor_cursor = !view && input->cursor_client;
if (view) {
struct wl_client *view_client =
@ -106,32 +107,40 @@ void cursor_update_position(struct roots_input *input, uint32_t time) {
break;
case ROOTS_CURSOR_MOVE:
if (input->active_view) {
int dx = input->cursor->x - input->offs_x,
dy = input->cursor->y - input->offs_y;
input->active_view->x = input->view_x + dx;
input->active_view->y = input->view_y + dy;
double dx = input->cursor->x - input->offs_x;
double dy = input->cursor->y - input->offs_y;
view_set_position(input->active_view,
input->view_x + dx, input->view_y + dy);
}
break;
case ROOTS_CURSOR_RESIZE:
if (input->active_view) {
int dx = input->cursor->x - input->offs_x,
dy = input->cursor->y - input->offs_y;
int width = input->view_width,
height = input->view_height;
double dx = input->cursor->x - input->offs_x;
double dy = input->cursor->y - input->offs_y;
double active_x = input->active_view->x;
double active_y = input->active_view->y;
int width = input->view_width;
int height = input->view_height;
if (input->resize_edges & ROOTS_CURSOR_RESIZE_EDGE_TOP) {
input->active_view->y = input->view_y + dy;
active_y = input->view_y + dy;
height -= dy;
}
if (input->resize_edges & ROOTS_CURSOR_RESIZE_EDGE_BOTTOM) {
height += dy;
}
if (input->resize_edges & ROOTS_CURSOR_RESIZE_EDGE_LEFT) {
input->active_view->x = input->view_x + dx;
active_x = input->view_x + dx;
width -= dx;
}
if (input->resize_edges & ROOTS_CURSOR_RESIZE_EDGE_RIGHT) {
width += dx;
}
// TODO we might need one configure event for this
if (active_x != input->active_view->x ||
active_y != input->active_view->y) {
view_set_position(input->active_view, active_x, active_y);
}
view_resize(input->active_view, width, height);
}
break;
@ -280,6 +289,56 @@ static void handle_cursor_button(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
(uint32_t)(event->time_usec / 1000), event->button, event->state);
}
static void handle_touch_down(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
struct wlr_event_touch_down *event = data;
struct roots_input *input =
wl_container_of(listener, input, cursor_touch_down);
struct roots_touch_point *point =
calloc(1, sizeof(struct roots_touch_point));
point->device = event->device->data;
point->slot = event->slot;
point->x = event->x_mm / event->width_mm;
point->y = event->y_mm / event->height_mm;
wlr_cursor_warp_absolute(input->cursor, event->device, point->x, point->y);
cursor_update_position(input, (uint32_t)(event->time_usec / 1000));
wl_list_insert(&input->touch_points, &point->link);
do_cursor_button_press(input, input->cursor, event->device,
(uint32_t)(event->time_usec / 1000), BTN_LEFT, 1);
}
static void handle_touch_up(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
struct wlr_event_touch_up *event = data;
struct roots_input *input =
wl_container_of(listener, input, cursor_touch_up);
struct roots_touch_point *point;
wl_list_for_each(point, &input->touch_points, link) {
if (point->slot == event->slot) {
wl_list_remove(&point->link);
break;
}
}
do_cursor_button_press(input, input->cursor, event->device,
(uint32_t)(event->time_usec / 1000), BTN_LEFT, 0);
}
static void handle_touch_motion(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
struct wlr_event_touch_motion *event = data;
struct roots_input *input =
wl_container_of(listener, input, cursor_touch_motion);
struct roots_touch_point *point;
wl_list_for_each(point, &input->touch_points, link) {
if (point->slot == event->slot) {
point->x = event->x_mm / event->width_mm;
point->y = event->y_mm / event->height_mm;
wlr_cursor_warp_absolute(input->cursor, event->device,
point->x, point->y);
cursor_update_position(input,
(uint32_t)(event->time_usec / 1000));
break;
}
}
}
static void handle_tool_axis(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
struct roots_input *input = wl_container_of(listener, input, cursor_tool_axis);
struct wlr_event_tablet_tool_axis *event = data;
@ -391,6 +450,9 @@ static void handle_request_set_cursor(struct wl_listener *listener,
void cursor_initialize(struct roots_input *input) {
struct wlr_cursor *cursor = input->cursor;
// TODO: Does this belong here
wl_list_init(&input->touch_points);
wl_list_init(&input->cursor_motion.link);
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.motion, &input->cursor_motion);
input->cursor_motion.notify = handle_cursor_motion;
@ -408,6 +470,18 @@ void cursor_initialize(struct roots_input *input) {
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.axis, &input->cursor_axis);
input->cursor_axis.notify = handle_cursor_axis;
wl_list_init(&input->cursor_touch_down.link);
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.touch_down, &input->cursor_touch_down);
input->cursor_touch_down.notify = handle_touch_down;
wl_list_init(&input->cursor_touch_up.link);
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.touch_up, &input->cursor_touch_up);
input->cursor_touch_up.notify = handle_touch_up;
wl_list_init(&input->cursor_touch_motion.link);
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.touch_motion, &input->cursor_touch_motion);
input->cursor_touch_motion.notify = handle_touch_motion;
wl_list_init(&input->cursor_tool_axis.link);
wl_signal_add(&cursor->events.tablet_tool_axis, &input->cursor_tool_axis);
input->cursor_tool_axis.notify = handle_tool_axis;

View file

@ -46,6 +46,16 @@ void view_get_size(struct roots_view *view, struct wlr_box *box) {
box->height = view->wlr_surface->current->height;
}
void view_set_position(struct roots_view *view, double x, double y) {
if (view->set_position) {
view->set_position(view, x, y);
return;
}
view->x = x;
view->y = y;
}
void view_activate(struct roots_view *view, bool activate) {
if (view->activate) {
view->activate(view, activate);

View file

@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ static void input_add_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
pointer_add(device, input);
break;
case WLR_INPUT_DEVICE_TOUCH:
//touch_add(device, input);
touch_add(device, input);
break;
case WLR_INPUT_DEVICE_TABLET_TOOL:
tablet_tool_add(device, input);
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ static void input_remove_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
pointer_remove(device, input);
break;
case WLR_INPUT_DEVICE_TOUCH:
//touch_remove(device, input);
touch_remove(device, input);
break;
case WLR_INPUT_DEVICE_TABLET_TOOL:
tablet_tool_remove(device, input);

View file

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200112L
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <wayland-server.h>
#include <wlr/backend.h>
#include <wlr/render.h>
@ -42,6 +43,18 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
}
setenv("WAYLAND_DISPLAY", socket, true);
if (server.config->startup_cmd != NULL) {
const char *cmd = server.config->startup_cmd;
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid < 0) {
wlr_log(L_ERROR, "cannot execute binding command: fork() failed");
return 1;
} else if (pid == 0) {
execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", "-c", cmd, (void *)NULL);
}
}
wl_display_run(server.wl_display);
wlr_backend_destroy(server.backend);
return 0;

View file

@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ sources = [
'output.c',
'pointer.c',
'tablet_tool.c',
'touch.c',
'xdg_shell_v6.c',
'wl_shell.c',
]

26
rootston/touch.c Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wayland-server.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_input_device.h>
#include <wlr/types/wlr_pointer.h>
#include "rootston/input.h"
// TODO: we'll likely want touch events to both control the cursor *and* be
// submitted directly to the seat.
void touch_add(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input) {
struct roots_touch *touch = calloc(sizeof(struct roots_touch), 1);
device->data = touch;
touch->device = device;
touch->input = input;
wl_list_insert(&input->touch, &touch->link);
wlr_cursor_attach_input_device(input->cursor, device);
cursor_load_config(input->server->config, input->cursor,
input, input->server->desktop);
}
void touch_remove(struct wlr_input_device *device, struct roots_input *input) {
struct roots_touch *touch = device->data;
wlr_cursor_detach_input_device(input->cursor, device);
wl_list_remove(&touch->link);
free(touch);
}

View file

@ -109,19 +109,6 @@ void handle_wl_shell_surface(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
struct roots_view *view = calloc(1, sizeof(struct roots_view));
view->type = ROOTS_WL_SHELL_VIEW;
if (surface->state == WLR_WL_SHELL_SURFACE_STATE_TRANSIENT) {
// we need to map it relative to the parent
int i =
list_seq_find(desktop->views,
shell_surface_compare_equals, surface->parent);
if (i != -1) {
struct roots_view *parent = desktop->views->items[i];
view->x = parent->x + surface->transient_state->x;
view->y = parent->y + surface->transient_state->y;
}
} else {
view->x = view->y = 200;
}
view->wl_shell_surface = surface;
view->roots_wl_shell_surface = roots_surface;
view->wlr_surface = surface->surface;
@ -131,4 +118,17 @@ void handle_wl_shell_surface(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
roots_surface->view = view;
list_add(desktop->views, view);
view_initialize(view);
if (surface->state == WLR_WL_SHELL_SURFACE_STATE_TRANSIENT) {
// we need to map it relative to the parent
int i =
list_seq_find(desktop->views,
shell_surface_compare_equals, surface->parent);
if (i != -1) {
struct roots_view *parent = desktop->views->items[i];
view_set_position(view,
parent->x + surface->transient_state->x,
parent->y + surface->transient_state->y);
}
}
}

View file

@ -26,6 +26,15 @@ static void resize(struct roots_view *view, uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
xwayland_surface->x, xwayland_surface->y, width, height);
}
static void set_position(struct roots_view *view, double x, double y) {
assert(view->type == ROOTS_XWAYLAND_VIEW);
struct wlr_xwayland_surface *xwayland_surface = view->xwayland_surface;
view->x = x;
view->y = y;
wlr_xwayland_surface_configure(view->desktop->xwayland, xwayland_surface,
x, y, xwayland_surface->width, xwayland_surface->height);
}
static void close(struct roots_view *view) {
assert(view->type == ROOTS_XWAYLAND_VIEW);
wlr_xwayland_surface_close(view->desktop->xwayland, view->xwayland_surface);
@ -88,7 +97,12 @@ void handle_xwayland_surface(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
view->desktop = desktop;
view->activate = activate;
view->resize = resize;
view->set_position = set_position;
view->close = close;
roots_surface->view = view;
list_add(desktop->views, view);
if (!surface->override_redirect) {
view_initialize(view);
}
}

View file

@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ static void wl_output_send_to_resource(struct wl_resource *resource) {
assert(output);
const uint32_t version = wl_resource_get_version(resource);
if (version >= WL_OUTPUT_GEOMETRY_SINCE_VERSION) {
wl_output_send_geometry(resource, 0, 0, // TODO: get position from layout?
wl_output_send_geometry(resource, output->lx, output->ly,
output->phys_width, output->phys_height, output->subpixel,
output->make, output->model, output->transform);
}
@ -122,6 +122,20 @@ void wlr_output_transform(struct wlr_output *output,
wlr_output_update_matrix(output);
}
void wlr_output_set_position(struct wlr_output *output, int32_t lx, int32_t ly) {
if (lx == output->lx && ly == output->ly) {
return;
}
output->lx = lx;
output->ly = ly;
struct wl_resource *resource;
wl_resource_for_each(resource, &output->wl_resources) {
wl_output_send_to_resource(resource);
}
}
static bool set_cursor(struct wlr_output *output, const uint8_t *buf,
int32_t stride, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int32_t hotspot_x,
int32_t hotspot_y) {

View file

@ -115,6 +115,10 @@ static void wlr_output_layout_reconfigure(struct wlr_output_layout *layout) {
max_x += box->width;
}
wl_list_for_each(l_output, &layout->outputs, link) {
wlr_output_set_position(l_output->output, l_output->x, l_output->y);
}
wl_signal_emit(&layout->events.change, layout);
}

View file

@ -840,26 +840,46 @@ static const struct zxdg_surface_v6_interface zxdg_surface_v6_implementation = {
static bool wlr_xdg_surface_v6_toplevel_state_compare(
struct wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6 *state) {
struct {
struct wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_state state;
uint32_t width;
uint32_t height;
} configured;
// is pending state different from current state?
if (!state->base->configured) {
return false;
}
if (state->pending.activated != state->current.activated) {
if (wl_list_empty(&state->base->configure_list)) {
// last configure is actually the current state, just use it
configured.state = state->current;
configured.width = state->base->surface->current->width;
configured.height = state->base->surface->current->width;
} else {
struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6_configure *configure =
wl_container_of(state->base->configure_list.prev, configure, link);
configured.state = configure->state;
configured.width = configure->state.width;
configured.height = configure->state.height;
}
if (state->pending.activated != configured.state.activated) {
return false;
}
if (state->pending.fullscreen != state->current.fullscreen) {
if (state->pending.fullscreen != configured.state.fullscreen) {
return false;
}
if (state->pending.maximized != state->current.maximized) {
if (state->pending.maximized != configured.state.maximized) {
return false;
}
if (state->pending.resizing != state->current.resizing) {
if (state->pending.resizing != configured.state.resizing) {
return false;
}
if ((uint32_t)state->base->geometry->width == state->pending.width &&
(uint32_t)state->base->geometry->height == state->pending.height) {
if (state->pending.width == configured.width &&
state->pending.height == configured.height) {
return true;
}
@ -947,7 +967,7 @@ static void wlr_xdg_surface_send_configure(void *user_data) {
}
static void wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(
struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface, bool force) {
struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface) {
struct wl_display *display = wl_client_get_display(surface->client->client);
struct wl_event_loop *loop = wl_display_get_event_loop(display);
bool pending_same = false;
@ -957,7 +977,7 @@ static void wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(
assert(0 && "not reached");
break;
case WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_TOPLEVEL:
pending_same = !force &&
pending_same =
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_toplevel_state_compare(surface->toplevel_state);
break;
case WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_POPUP:
@ -1001,7 +1021,7 @@ static void wlr_xdg_surface_v6_toplevel_committed(
if (!surface->surface->texture->valid && !surface->toplevel_state->added) {
// on the first commit, send a configure request to tell the client it
// is added
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, true);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
surface->toplevel_state->added = true;
return;
}
@ -1018,7 +1038,7 @@ static void wlr_xdg_surface_v6_popup_committed(
assert(surface->role == WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_POPUP);
if (!surface->popup_state->committed) {
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, true);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
surface->popup_state->committed = true;
}
}
@ -1265,49 +1285,42 @@ void wlr_xdg_surface_v6_ping(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface) {
void wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_set_size(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface,
uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
assert(surface->role == WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_TOPLEVEL);
bool force =
(surface->toplevel_state->pending.width != width ||
surface->toplevel_state->pending.height != height);
surface->toplevel_state->pending.width = width;
surface->toplevel_state->pending.height = height;
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, force);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
}
void wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_set_activated(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface,
bool activated) {
assert(surface->role == WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_TOPLEVEL);
bool force = surface->toplevel_state->pending.activated != activated;
surface->toplevel_state->pending.activated = activated;
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, force);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
}
void wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_set_maximized(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface,
bool maximized) {
assert(surface->role == WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_TOPLEVEL);
bool force = surface->toplevel_state->pending.maximized != maximized;
surface->toplevel_state->pending.maximized = maximized;
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, force);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
}
void wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_set_fullscreen(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface,
bool fullscreen) {
assert(surface->role == WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_TOPLEVEL);
bool force = surface->toplevel_state->pending.fullscreen != fullscreen;
surface->toplevel_state->pending.fullscreen = fullscreen;
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, force);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
}
void wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_set_resizing(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface,
bool resizing) {
assert(surface->role == WLR_XDG_SURFACE_V6_ROLE_TOPLEVEL);
bool force = surface->toplevel_state->pending.resizing != resizing;
surface->toplevel_state->pending.resizing = resizing;
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface, force);
wlr_xdg_surface_v6_schedule_configure(surface);
}
void wlr_xdg_toplevel_v6_send_close(struct wlr_xdg_surface_v6 *surface) {